The Rubies of Anne Boleyn: A Political Ghost Rises

In the Long Gallery of Hampton Court, Thomas Cromwell—already on edge from the court’s volatile politics—stumbles into a dress-fitting for Anne of Cleves’ Maids-of-Honour, a scene of youthful frivolity that contrasts sharply with his own calculating pragmatism. His unease deepens when Norfolk arrives with his niece, Catherine Howard, a striking but vacuous young woman adorned in rubies that once belonged to Anne Boleyn, the queen whose execution Cromwell orchestrated. The mention of the rubies—‘did they not once belong to Anne Boleyn’—acts as a verbal dagger, instantly transforming the social encounter into a loaded political and emotional minefield. Cromwell’s visceral reaction (‘Send her away’) reveals his paranoia: Catherine’s presence is a living echo of Anne’s downfall, a reminder of how quickly female influence can destabilize the court. Lady Rochford’s barbed observations (‘A simpler maid I never saw’, ‘That cloth did not come from the old dowager’s wardrobe’) underscore the court’s capacity to weaponize memory, while Norfolk’s possessive grip on Catherine signals his own Machiavellian maneuvering. The scene culminates with Cromwell’s abrupt order to remove her—a desperate attempt to control the narrative before Henry’s gaze falls on her. Yet the damage is done: the rubies, like a cursed heirloom, have already invoked Anne’s ghost, foreshadowing Catherine’s inevitable rise and Cromwell’s impending collapse. The event is a masterclass in subtext, where every glance, every jewel, and every whispered remark carries the weight of past betrayals and future ruin.

Plot Beats

The narrative micro-steps within this event

2

Cromwell enters the Long Gallery and encounters the new Queen's Maids-of-Honour, prompting a brief exchange with Lady Rochford, where she sarcastically comments on Cromwell's age.

neutral to sarcastic ['Long Gallery at Hampton Court Palace']

Norfolk arrives with his niece, Catherine Howard, drawing Cromwell's attention. Lady Rochford provides unflattering commentary on Catherine's simplicity and her attire, noting that she is wearing rubies that once belonged to Anne Boleyn.

curiosity to unease

Who Was There

Characters present in this moment

6

Amused and antagonistic, deriving pleasure from Cromwell’s discomfort. There’s a calculated edge to her barbs—she’s testing boundaries, asserting her own agency in a court where women are often pawns.

Lady Rochford observes the scene with a mix of sarcasm and subtle hostility, her remarks targeted at Cromwell. She highlights Catherine’s youth, vacuity, and the origins of her rubies (Anne Boleyn’s), knowing full well the political landmine she’s dropping. Her tone is amused yet antagonistic, relishing Cromwell’s discomfort while positioning herself as an observer of court intrigue.

Goals in this moment
  • Disrupt Cromwell’s composure (by invoking Anne Boleyn’s rubies)
  • Assert her own relevance in court politics (through sharp observations)
Active beliefs
  • Cromwell’s power is fragile (and can be undermined by symbols of the past)
  • Her insights are valuable (even if delivered with sarcasm)
Character traits
Sarcastic Provocative Observant (noticing political undercurrents) Subtly hostile (toward Cromwell)
Follow Jane Rochford's journey

Alarmed and defensive, masking deep paranoia beneath a veneer of control. The rubies act as a trigger, forcing him to confront the fragility of his position—his past triumphs (Anne’s execution) now haunt him as potential future vulnerabilities.

Cromwell enters the Long Gallery by accident, initially dismissive of the frivolous dress-fitting. His unease deepens as Lady Rochford’s barbs and Catherine Howard’s rubies—Anne Boleyn’s rubies—trigger a visceral reaction. His face twists in alarm, and he abruptly orders Catherine’s removal, revealing his fear of her as a political threat. He exits with Wriothesley, his authority momentarily shaken by the specter of Anne’s downfall.

Goals in this moment
  • Eliminate immediate threats (Catherine Howard’s presence as a distraction/pawn for Norfolk)
  • Maintain control over the court’s narrative (prevent Henry’s attention from shifting to Catherine before the Cleves marriage is secured)
Active beliefs
  • Female influence at court is inherently destabilizing (as seen with Anne Boleyn)
  • Norfolk is maneuvering to replace him using Catherine as a pawn
Character traits
Paranoid Authoritative (but momentarily shaken) Strategic (reacting to perceived threats) Emotionally reactive (to symbols of past failures)
Follow Thomas Cromwell's journey

Smug and confident, observing the scene with detached amusement. He’s playing the long game, using Catherine as bait to provoke Cromwell and position himself as Henry’s next favorite. His emotional state is one of quiet satisfaction—he’s already several steps ahead.

Norfolk arrives with Catherine Howard, displaying possessive pride in her. He ignores her inaudible chatter but keeps watch for the King’s arrival, subtly maneuvering to ensure Henry’s attention. His demeanor is calculating, using Catherine as a pawn in his factional struggles against Cromwell. He remains aloof, letting Lady Rochford and Cromwell’s exchange play out without direct intervention.

Goals in this moment
  • Position Catherine as a distraction/pawn to undermine Cromwell
  • Secure Henry’s attention (and favor) for his faction
Active beliefs
  • Catherine’s youth and beauty are weapons in court politics
  • Cromwell’s paranoia can be exploited (by invoking Anne Boleyn’s legacy)
Character traits
Possessive (of Catherine as a political asset) Calculating (maneuvering for Henry’s favor) Aloof (letting others engage in the confrontation) Smug (confident in his strategy)
Follow Thomas Howard, …'s journey

Naively excited, soaking in the glamour of the court. She’s unaware of the danger she represents or the history tied to the rubies. Her emotional state is one of wide-eyed wonder, untouched by the paranoia and calculation around her.

Catherine Howard arrives with Norfolk, admiring the Maids-of-Honour’s attire and wearing Anne Boleyn’s rubies. She acts vacuously but excitedly, pulling at Norfolk’s arm for attention. Her presence is a political tool, though she’s oblivious to the tensions swirling around her. The rubies—symbols of a fallen queen—hang around her neck, unaware of their significance.

Goals in this moment
  • Gain attention (from Norfolk and the court)
  • Impress the Maids-of-Honour (with her attire and jewels)
Active beliefs
  • The court is a place of beauty and excitement (not danger)
  • Her youth and charm are assets (not liabilities)
Character traits
Naive Excited (by courtly pageantry) Oblivious (to political undercurrents) Vacuous (in dialogue and demeanor)
Follow Catherine Howard's journey
Supporting 2

Alarmed and urgent, sensing the instability of the moment. He’s not just reacting to the scene with Catherine—he’s responding to a larger pattern of threats to Cromwell’s authority. His emotional state is one of controlled panic.

Wriothesley appears abruptly, looking alarmed. He summons Cromwell away, his urgency suggesting another crisis or summons. His role is that of the loyal but harried lieutenant, always reacting to Cromwell’s next move. His alarmed demeanor underscores the precariousness of Cromwell’s position.

Goals in this moment
  • Remove Cromwell from the volatile situation (with Catherine)
  • Deliver urgent news (or summons) that requires immediate attention
Active beliefs
  • Cromwell’s position is under threat (and must be protected)
  • Every moment of distraction is a risk (to Cromwell’s power)
Character traits
Alarmed Urgent Loyal (to Cromwell) Reactive (to crises)
Follow Thomas Wriothesley …'s journey

Mildly engaged, focused on the dress-fitting and courtly rituals. She’s unaware of the deeper political currents, her emotional state one of polite detachment.

Maid-of-Honour 1 comments on the beauty of the attire during the dress-fitting, her dialogue serving as background chatter. She’s part of the courtly backdrop, her remarks highlighting the contrast between the frivolity of the Maids-of-Honour and the political tension unfolding. Her role is observational, though her presence adds to the scene’s atmosphere of youthful vanity.

Goals in this moment
  • Participate in courtly rituals (dress-fitting, compliments)
  • Maintain her status (as a Maid-of-Honour)
Active beliefs
  • Beauty and attire are markers of courtly success
  • Her role is to support the queen (and uphold courtly traditions)
Character traits
Observant (of courtly aesthetics) Polite Peripheral (to the main conflict)
Follow Anne of …'s journey

Objects Involved

Significant items in this scene

2
Anne Boleyn's Rubies

Anne Boleyn’s rubies are the catalytic object in this event, serving as a symbolic trigger for Cromwell’s paranoia. Worn by Catherine Howard, they invoke the ghost of Anne Boleyn—a queen whose execution Cromwell orchestrated. Lady Rochford’s observation (‘did they not once belong to Anne Boleyn’) turns the rubies into a verbal dagger, forcing Cromwell to confront the fragility of his position. The rubies are not just jewelry; they are a cursed heirloom, a reminder of past betrayals and a harbinger of future ruin.

Before: Possessed by Catherine Howard, displayed around her neck …
After: Remain with Catherine Howard, though their presence is …
Before: Possessed by Catherine Howard, displayed around her neck as part of her courtly attire. Their origins (Anne Boleyn) are unknown to her but recognized by Lady Rochford and Cromwell.
After: Remain with Catherine Howard, though their presence is now a point of contention. Cromwell’s order to remove her ensures they are temporarily absent from the court’s public spaces—until Henry’s gaze inevitably falls on her.
Cloth from the Old Dowager’s Wardrobe (Speculative Fabric Source)

The cloth from the old dowager’s wardrobe is referenced by Lady Rochford as a point of suspicion. She implies that Catherine Howard’s garment did not come from the dowager, suggesting Cromwell (or Norfolk) may have sourced it as part of a larger strategy. The cloth serves as a subtextual detail, hinting at the manipulation of courtly appearances and the hidden hands behind Catherine’s presentation. Its mention underscores the court’s obsession with status symbols and the lengths to which factions will go to control perceptions.

Before: Unseen but implied to be part of Catherine …
After: The cloth remains on Catherine Howard, though its …
Before: Unseen but implied to be part of Catherine Howard’s attire. Its origins (dowager’s wardrobe or elsewhere) are debated by Lady Rochford.
After: The cloth remains on Catherine Howard, though its disputed provenance adds to the tension. The debate over its origins is left unresolved, contributing to the scene’s atmosphere of intrigue.

Location Details

Places and their significance in this event

1
Hampton Court Palace

The Long Gallery at Hampton Court Palace serves as a neutral ground turned political battlefield. Its elongated space, filled with the chatter of Maids-of-Honour, contrasts sharply with the tension of the confrontation. The gallery’s grandeur—mirrors, fabrics, and courtly rituals—becomes a stage for Cromwell’s paranoia and Norfolk’s maneuvering. The dress-fitting, a frivolous activity, is disrupted by the arrival of Catherine Howard and the invocation of Anne Boleyn’s rubies, transforming the space into a minefield of political subtext.

Atmosphere Initially lighthearted (with the Maids-of-Honour’s chatter and dress-fitting), but rapidly shifting to tension-filled as Cromwell’s …
Function Neutral ground for courtly rituals, repurposed as a stage for political confrontation. The gallery’s openness …
Symbolism Represents the court as a space where frivolity and power intersect. The gallery’s mirrors and …
Access Open to court members but restricted to those with standing (Maids-of-Honour, nobles, Cromwell’s faction). The …
Elongated space with high ceilings (amplifying voices and tensions) Mirrors reflecting courtly rituals (and hidden motives) White attire of Maids-of-Honour (symbolizing purity, contrasted with Catherine’s rubies) Pins and fabrics scattered on the floor (evoking courtly preparation and disorder)

Narrative Connections

How this event relates to others in the story

What this causes 6
Causal

"Cromwell's order to send Catherine away is ignored, resulting in her presence at court during Anne's arrival and highlighting Cromwell's decreasing authority."

Cromwell’s Authority Fractures: Catherine’s Defiance and Gardiner’s Triumph
S2E5 · The Mirror and the Light …
Causal

"Cromwell's order to send Catherine away is ignored, resulting in her presence at court during Anne's arrival and highlighting Cromwell's decreasing authority."

The King’s Triumph, Cromwell’s Undoing: A Court of Vultures
S2E5 · The Mirror and the Light …
Foreshadowing medium

"Catherine Howard's presence, wearing rubies that once belonged to Anne Boleyn, foreshadows her role as the next queen and Cromwell's impending downfall, mirroring Anne Boleyn's fall from grace."

The King’s Unraveling: Cromwell’s Last Warning
S2E5 · The Mirror and the Light …
Foreshadowing medium

"Catherine Howard's presence, wearing rubies that once belonged to Anne Boleyn, foreshadows her role as the next queen and Cromwell's impending downfall, mirroring Anne Boleyn's fall from grace."

The Hollow Crown and the Fall: Cromwell’s Arrest and Stripping of Power
S2E5 · The Mirror and the Light …
Foreshadowing medium

"Cromwell orders Lady Rochford to dismiss Catherine, but Catherine appears among the Queen's Maids of Honour. This foreshadows Henry's interest in Catherine and Cromwell's undoing."

Cromwell’s Authority Fractures: Catherine’s Defiance and Gardiner’s Triumph
S2E5 · The Mirror and the Light …
Foreshadowing medium

"Cromwell orders Lady Rochford to dismiss Catherine, but Catherine appears among the Queen's Maids of Honour. This foreshadows Henry's interest in Catherine and Cromwell's undoing."

The King’s Triumph, Cromwell’s Undoing: A Court of Vultures
S2E5 · The Mirror and the Light …

Part of Larger Arcs

Key Dialogue

"LADY ROCHFORD: *And those rubies—did they not once belong to Anne Boleyn.* CROMWELL: *Send her away.*"
"LADY ROCHFORD: *A softer word, my lord. I’m not a monster… I wonder who paid for what’s on her back? That cloth did not come from the old dowager’s wardrobe.*"
"CROMWELL: *I think we’ve had enough of Norfolk’s nieces.*"